by Martin Luther
马丁.路德著
Luther's Preface to the Small Catechism
路德小问答前言
Martin Luther to All Faithful and Godly Pastors and Preachers:
马丁.路德写给所有忠心、敬虔的牧师和传道：
Grace, Mercy, and Peace in Jesus Christ, our Lord.
恩惠，怜悯和平安在耶稣基督，我们的主里面。
The deplorable, miserable condition which I discovered lately when I, too, was a visitor, has forced and urged me to prepare [publish] this Catechism, or Christian doctrine, in this small, plain, simple form. Mercy! Good God! what manifold misery I beheld! The common people, especially in the villages, have no knowledge whatever of Christian doctrine, and, alas! many pastors are altogether incapable and incompetent to teach [so much so, that one is ashamed to speak of it]. Nevertheless, all maintain that they are Christians, have been baptized and receive the [common] holy Sacraments. Yet they [do not understand and] cannot [even] recite either the Lord's Prayer, or the Creed, or the Ten Commandments; they live like dumb brutes and irrational hogs; and yet, now that the Gospel has come, they have nicely learned to abuse all liberty like experts.
当作为一个牧区巡回监督最近发现这邋遢、可怜的境况时，我被催逼着必须用这小而精简的形式整理发行这个教理问答，或者称之为基督信仰教义。怜悯我们！良善的上帝！ 我看到的是多么不可思议的悲惨啊！普通信徒，特别是住在乡下的，根本没有任何涉及基督信仰教义的知识，哀哉！很多牧师整体上可以说是没有能力，不能胜任这个教导工作的（状况如此糟糕，以至于提起此事就让人羞愧）。尽管如此，所有信徒都声称他们是基督徒，已经受过洗并且也领受圣餐。然而他们不理解，甚至也不能够背诵主祷文，或者信经，或者十诫；他们就像愚昧的畜类和没有理性的猪一样活着；不但如此，虽然福音现在已经到来，他们却非常高明地像专家一样，学会滥用全部的自由。
O ye bishops! [to whom this charge has been committed by God,] what will ye ever answer to Christ for having so shamefully neglected the people and never for a moment discharged your office? [You are the persons to whom alone this ruin of the Christian religion is due. You have permitted men to err so shamefully; yours is the guilt; for you have ever done anything rather than what your office required you to do.] May all misfortune flee you! [I do not wish at this place to invoke evil on your heads.] You command the Sacrament in one form [but is not this the highest ungodliness coupled with the greatest impudence that you are insisting on the administration of the Sacrament in one form only, and on your traditions] and insist on your human laws, and yet at the same time you do not care in the least [while you are utterly without scruple and concern] whether the people know the Lord's Prayer, the Creed, the Ten Commandments, or any part of the Word of God. Woe, woe, unto you forever!
噢，主教们！（就是上帝托付这负担的，）你们如此可耻地忽视众信徒，从来没有一刻尽你的职分，将来要拿什么来答复基督呢？你们才是唯一需要对基督教的这种毁灭负责的人。你们竟然如此不害羞地纵容信徒走向歧路。罪责在于你们；因为你们没有做任何职分要求你们做的事情。愿所有的不幸远离你们！（我不希望在这种境况中求上帝降灾祸责罚你们。）你们用一种形式施行圣礼（但难道这不是最严重的不敬虔，连同那最粗暴的举动，就是你们坚持依照你们的传统，仅用一种形式来施行圣礼），并且持守你们人的规条，同时却一点儿也不在乎（没有任何良心不安和担忧）信徒是否明白主祷文，信经，十诫，甚或上帝话语的任何部分。唉，你们要在永远中悲叹啊！
Therefore I entreat [and adjure] you all for God's sake, my dear sirs and brethren, who are pastors or preachers, to devote yourselves heartily to your office, to have pity on the people who are entrusted to you, and to help us inculcate the Catechism upon the people, and especially upon the young. And let those of you who cannot do better [If any of you are so unskilled that you have absolutely no knowledge of these matters, let them not be ashamed to] take these tables and forms and impress them, word for word, on the people, as follows:--
因此我为着上帝的缘故奉劝你们，就是我亲爱的弟兄们-牧师或传道人，请全心忠于你们的职分，怜悯这些托付于你们的百姓，帮助我们将问答教导给众人，特别是年幼的。你们当中不能做得更好的（如果你们如此没有能力以致完全不晓得这类事情，也请不要使众人为此羞愧），就请按照下面的内容，逐字，逐项地教给众人，印在他们心上：--
In the first place, let the preacher above all be careful to avoid many kinds of or various texts and forms of the Ten Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, the Creed, the Sacraments, etc., but choose one form to which he adheres, and which he inculcates all the time, year after year. For [I give this advice, however, because I know that] young and simple people must be taught by uniform, settled texts and forms, otherwise they easily become confused when the teacher to-day teaches them thus, and in a year some other way, as if he wished to make improvements, and thus all effort and labor [which has been expended in teaching] is lost.
首先，传道人最需要小心避免的是：使用许多不同的文本和版式来教导十诫，主祷文，信经，圣礼等，必须选择一个他可以遵照的版式，并拿来持续教导，年年如此。我给出这个建议，因为我知道，年幼的和简单的百姓必须用统一、固定的文本和版式教导，不然当教师今天这样教导他们，一年后又那样教导，似乎希望能不断改善时，他们很容易困惑，以致所有努力和劳作（已经花费在教导上的）都将废弃。
Also our blessed fathers understood this well; for they all used the same form of the Lord's Prayer, the Creed, and the Ten Commandments. Therefore we, too, should [imitate their diligence and be at pains to] teach the young and simple people these parts in such a way as not to change a syllable, or set them forth and repeat them one year differently than in another [no matter how often we teach the Catechism].
我们蒙福的教父们很清楚这个道理；因为他们都使用同样版式的主祷文，信经和十诫。因此，我们也应当（效法他们的勤奋，并竭力）将这些问答部分以固定，甚至不改变任何细节，教导给年幼的、朴实的百姓，并且每年以不同的顺序重复这些部分（无论我们教导问答有多频繁）。
Hence, choose whatever form you please, and adhere to it forever. But when you preach in the presence of learned and intelligent men, you may exhibit your skill, and may present these parts in as varied and intricate ways and give them as masterly turns as you are able. But with the young people stick to one fixed, permanent form and manner, and teach them, first of all, these
parts, namely, the Ten Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, etc., according to the text, word for word, so that they, too, can repeat it in the same manner after you and commit it to memory.
所以，选定你喜欢的版式，并且一直坚持用它。但是当你向着受过教育且有学问的人讲道时，你或许可以展示你的技能，用多样、精巧的方式教导这些问答部分，尽你娴熟能力来传达它们。对于年幼的人，要专注于一个固定，不变的版式和方式来教导他们，首先，这些十诫，信经，主祷文等部分，依附于文本，逐字地教导，这样他们也能够跟着你以同样的方式重复并背诵下来。
But those who are unwilling to learn it should be told that they deny Christ and are no Christians, neither should they be admitted to the Sacrament, accepted as sponsors at baptism, nor exercise any part of Christian liberty, but should simply be turned back to the Pope and his officials, yea, to the devil himself. Moreover, their parents and employers should refuse them food and drink, and [they would also do well if they were to] notify them that the prince will drive such rude people from the country, etc.
但是对于那些不愿意学习问答的人，应当被告知他们这样是否认基督，不再是基督徒，不可以领圣餐，不可以成为洗礼见证人，也不可以有份于在基督里面的自由，却应当直接被转交给教皇和他的党羽，是的，交给撒旦自己。更甚至，他们的父母和雇主应当拒绝供给他们饮食，并且（如果他们这样做，不会有什么麻烦）要告知他们，君主会将这类野蛮的人驱逐出境，等等。
For although we cannot and should not force any one to believe, yet we should insist and urge the people that they know what is right and wrong with those among whom they dwell and wish to make their living. For whoever desires to reside in a town must know and observe the town laws, the protection of which he wishes to enjoy, no matter whether he is a believer or at heart and in private a rogue or knave.
尽管我们不能，也不应该强迫任何人相信，但是我们应当坚持并且敦促人们，就是他们应该知道在他们居住和盼望谋生的众民中如何权衡得失。因为任何盼望在一个地方居住的人必须学习并且遵守那个地方的法规，其中有他愿意享受的保障，无论他是一个信徒，还是一个真实隐藏的败类。
In the second place, after they have well learned the text, then teach them the sense also, so that they know what it means, and again choose the form of these tables, or some other brief uniform method, whichever you like, and adhere to it, and do not change a single syllable, as was just said regarding the text; and take your time to it. For it is not necessary that you take up all the parts at once, but one after the other. After they understand the First Commandment well, then take up the Second, and so on, otherwise they will be overwhelmed, so as not to be able to retain any well.
其次，在他们充分学习文本后，解释给他们，这样他们能够理解意思。再次强调，要给这些问答部分选定版式，或者其它一些你喜欢的简单统一方法并且坚持用，甚至不改变一个单词，就像前面提及文本时所讲的一样；不要急于求成。因为没有必要一次性教导问答的所有部分，而应按顺序而行。等他们很好地明白了第一诫命，再开始第二条，以此类推，否则他们会不知所措，最后什么都不记得了。
In the third place, after you have thus taught them this Short Catechism, then take up the Large Catechism, and give them also a richer and fuller knowledge. Here explain at large every commandment, [article,] petition, and part with its various works, uses, benefits, dangers, and injuries, as you find these abundantly stated in many books written about these matters. And particularly, urge that commandment or part most which suffers the greatest neglect among your people. For instance, the Seventh Commandment, concerning stealing, must be strenuously urged among mechanics and merchants, and even farmers and servants, for among these people many kinds of dishonesty and thieving prevail. So, too, you must urge well the Fourth Commandment among the children and the common people, that they may be quiet and faithful, obedient and peaceable, and you must always adduce many examples from the Scriptures to show how God has punished or blessed such persons.
第三，在你将小问答教导给他们后，接着使用大问答，给他们一个更丰富，充实的真理。用它多样的功能，用途，益处，危险和伤害更加广泛地讲解每一条诫命，信条和祷文，你会在很多关于这些事宜的书中找到这些丰裕的阐述。特别地，请专注教导那些百姓中最不被重视的诫命或部分。比如第七诫命，是关于偷盗的，必须不遗余力地教导给工程师和商人，甚至农民和仆人，因为在这些人中有许多各样的不诚实和偷盗泛滥着。因此，你也必须尽力在儿童和普通民众中教导第四诫命，好叫他们能安静，忠信，顺服，和平，同时你也必须经常从圣经引用许多例子来说明上帝曾经如何惩罚或祝福这类人的。
Especially should you here urge magistrates and parents to rule well and to send their children to school, showing them why it is their duty to do this, and what a damnable sin they are committing if they do not do it. For by such neglect they overthrow and destroy both the kingdom of God and that of the world, acting as the worst enemies both of God and of men. And make it very plain to them what an awful harm they are doing if they will not help to train children to be pastors, preachers, clerks [also for other offices, with which we cannot dispense in this life], etc., and that God will punish them terribly for it. For such preaching is needed. [Verily, I do not know of any other topic that deserves to be treated as much as this.] Parents and magistrates are now sinning unspeakably in this respect. The devil, too, aims at something cruel because of these things [that he may hurl Germany into the greatest distress].
你还应该特别催促长官和父母要善于治理，送孩子们去学校，向他们说明为何这是他们责任范围内的事情，并且如果他们不如此行，将会是多么可咒诅的罪。因为藉着这样的疏忽，他们践踏毁坏了上帝的国度，和这个世界的秩序，以致于他们自己沦为上帝和人类最可恶的仇敌。并且向他们说清楚，如果他们不努力帮助培养孩子们成为牧师，传道人，文书（还有其它职分，离了这些，我们恐怕不能正常生活），等等，那么他们是在做多么可怕的伤害，为此上帝定会严厉地降祸惩罚他们。这样的教导是必须的。（实际上，我不知道还有其它话题更值得如此严肃对待的）父母和长官如今在这方面是在犯罪，不可言喻。魔鬼也藉着这些事情发动残酷的攻击（似乎他能将德国扔进最残酷的困境中）。
Lastly, since the tyranny of the Pope has been abolished, people are no longer willing to go to the Sacrament and despise it [as something useless and unnecessary]. Here again urging is necessary, however, with this understanding: We are to force no one to believe, or to receive the Sacrament, nor fix any law, nor time, nor place for it, but are to preach in such a manner that of their own accord, without our law, they will urge themselves and, as it were, compel us pastors to administer the Sacrament. This is done by telling them: Whoever does not seek or desire the Sacrament at least some four times a year, it is to be feared that he despises the Sacrament and is no Christian, just as he is no Christian who does not believe or hear the Gospel; for Christ did not say, This omit, or, This despise, but, This do ye, as oft as ye drink it, etc. Verily, He wants it done, and not entirely neglected and despised. This do ye, He says.
最后，由于教皇的暴政已经被废除，人们竟然不愿意来到主餐桌前，甚至鄙视它（以为是无用，不必要的东西）在此，也有必要催促他们，然而要记得这个：我们不是在强迫任何人去相信，或者去领圣餐，也不
是强制圣餐的法规，时间或地点，却是在用一种他们可以认同的方式来传讲，以致不需要我们制定法规，他们就自我鞭策来催促我们这些牧师来施行圣餐。为了达成此事，告诉他们：谁若不寻求或渴望圣餐于一年中超过四次，恐怕他是鄙视圣餐的，也就不是基督徒，就如那些不愿听福音，不愿信福音的人就不是基督徒一样；因为基督没有说，这个可以略去，或者这个不重要，而是说，每逢喝的时候，要如此行，等等。实在地，他盼望我们如此行，而不是完全忽略和轻看。他说，要如此行。
Now, whoever does not highly value the Sacrament thereby shows that he has no sin, no flesh, no devil, no world, no death, no danger, no hell; that is, he does not believe any such things, although he is in them over head and ears and is doubly the devil's own. On the other hand, he needs no grace, life, Paradise, heaven, Christ, God, nor anything good. For if he believed that he had so much that is evil, and needed so much that is good, he would not thus neglect the Sacrament, by which such evil is remedied and so much good is bestowed. Neither will it be necessary to force him to the Sacrament by any law, but he will come running and racing of his own accord, will force himself and urge you that you must give him the Sacrament.
现在，有谁不高度珍重圣餐的就好像在说他没有罪，没有血肉，没有邪恶，没有世界，没有死亡，没有危险，没有地狱；也就是说，他不相信任何这样的事情，尽管他完全深陷在其中，加倍地属于魔鬼。另一方面，他不需要恩典，生命，天堂，天国，基督，上帝，或者任何良善。因为如果他相信他有如此多的罪恶，并且如此需要良善，他就不会轻忽圣餐，因为藉着圣餐他的罪恶就可以得医治，并且有如此多的良善赐给他。也没必要去藉着法规来强迫他来到圣餐桌前，他自己就会快跑过来，强迫他自己，并且催促你必须给他派圣餐。
Hence, you must not make any law in this matter, as the Pope does. Only set forth clearly the benefit and harm, the need and use, the danger and the blessing, connected with this Sacrament, and the people will come of themselves without your compulsion. But if they do not come, let them go and tell them that such belong to the devil as do not regard nor feel their great need and the gracious help of God. But if you do not urge this, or make a law or a bane of it, it is your fault if they despise the Sacrament. How could they be otherwise than slothful if you sleep and are silent? Therefore look to it, ye pastors and preachers. Our office is now become a different thing from what it was under the Pope; it is now become serious and salutary. Accordingly, it now involves much more trouble and labor, danger and trials, and, in addition thereto, little reward and gratitude in the world. But Christ Himself will be our reward if we labor faithfully. To this end may the Father of all grace help us, to whom be praise and thanks forever through Christ, our Lord! Amen.
因此，你必须避免教皇所做的，就是在此事中制定法规。只需清楚地教导与圣餐相关的益处和损失，需要和使用，危险和祝福，然后信徒会自动来寻求，不需要你的强制。但是如果他们还是不来，就让他们去吧，并且告诉他们，如此轻看上帝充满恩典的帮助，甚至也感受不到他们自己的缺乏境况，只能说是属于魔鬼。但是如果你不催促此事，或使之成为律法和烦人之事，那么他们鄙视圣餐就归罪于你了。如果你沉睡不醒，对此沉默，他们怎能不懈怠？因此，你们做牧师和传道人的，请务必在此事上警醒。我们的职分已经与在教皇手下时比起来不一样了；如今变成严肃和拯救灵魂的圣工了。相应地，现在也夹杂了很多的麻烦和劳作，危险和试炼，另外，在这个世界却很少获得奖励或感恩。但基督祂自己将是我们的冠冕，只要我们忠心服侍。为了这个目的，愿满有恩惠的天父帮助我们，愿颂赞和感谢藉着基督，我们的主，归给祂，直到永远！阿们。
I. The Ten Commandments
第一部分：十条诫命
As the head of the family should teach them in a simple way to his household.
作为一家之主，应当将这问答以简明的方式教导给妻子儿女。
The First Commandment.
第一诫命
Thou shalt have no other gods.
你不可有别的上帝。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear, love, and trust in God above all things.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱和信靠上帝，超过所有一切。
The Second Commandment.
第二诫命
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord, thy God, in vain.
你不可妄称你主上帝的名。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not curse, swear, use witchcraft, lie, or deceive by His name, but call upon it in every trouble, pray, praise, and give thanks.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以就不以祂的名咒诅，起誓，行邪术，撒谎或欺骗，却要在所有困境中呼求他的名，并向祂祷告，赞美和感谢。
The Third Commandment.
第三诫命
Thou shalt sanctify the holy-day.
你应当守安息日为圣日。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not despise preaching and His Word, but hold it sacred, and gladly hear and learn it.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以就不鄙视传道的事和祂的道，却要将之分别为圣，并且喜乐地听道，从中学习。
The Fourth Commandment.
第四诫命
Thou shalt honor thy father and thy mother [that it may be well with thee and thou mayest live long upon the earth].
你应当孝敬你的父亲和母亲（好叫你得福，并在世长寿。）
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not despise nor anger our parents and masters, but give them honor, serve, obey, and hold them in love and esteem.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以就不轻视或激怒我们的父母和长官，却要给他们应得的尊荣，服侍、顺服、珍重和亲爱他们。
The Fifth Commandment.
第五诫命
Thou shalt not kill.
你不可杀人。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not hurt nor harm our neighbor in his body, but help and befriend him in every bodily need [in every need and danger of life and body].
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以我们就不在身体上伤害或损伤我们的邻舍，却要帮助他，并且在他有任何物质上的缺乏（身体和灵魂处在任何需要和危险之中）时，善待他。
The Sixth Commandment.
第六诫命
Thou shalt not commit adultery.
你不可奸淫
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may lead a chaste and decent life in words and deeds, and each love and honor his spouse.
我们应当敬畏和亲爱上帝，所以我们就在言语和行为上过一个圣洁无暇的生活，并且夫妻亲爱尊荣彼此。
The Seventh Commandment.
第七诫命
Thou shalt not steal.
你不可偷盗。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not take our neighbor's money or property, nor get them by false ware or dealing, but help him to improve and protect his property and business [that his means are preserved and his condition is improved].
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以我们就不偷拿我们邻舍的钱或财产，也不通过伪劣产品或虚假交易获得，却要帮助他增加和保护他的财产和业务（就是他的收入得到保障，和他的状况得到改善）。
The Eighth Commandment.
第八诫命
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
你不可作假见证陷害邻舍。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not deceitfully belie, betray, slander, or defame our neighbor, but defend him, [think and] speak well of him, and put the best construction on everything.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以我们就不弄诡诈撒谎，出卖，毁谤我们的邻舍，也不损害他的名誉，却要保护表扬他，并且以最有建设性的方式解释一切的事。
The Ninth Commandment.
第九诫命
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house.
你不可贪图邻舍的房屋。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？--答：
We should fear and love God that we may not craftily seek to get our neighbor's inheritance or house, and obtain it by a show of [ justice and] right, etc., but help and be of service to him in keeping it.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，所以我们就不设计谋我们邻舍的遗产或房屋，或以貌似公义正当的手段获得，等等，却要帮助服侍他来保守之。
The Tenth Commandment.
第十诫命
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his cattle, nor anything that is his.
你不可贪恋邻舍的妻子，他的仆人，他的婢女，他的牲畜，或他拥有的任何东西。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We should fear and love God that we may not estrange, force, or entice away our neighbor's wife, servants, or cattle, but urge them to stay and [diligently] do their duty.
我们应当敬畏、亲爱上帝，因此我们就不离间，强迫或引诱我们邻舍的妻子，仆人或牛驴，却要催促他们留下并且殷勤地尽他们的责任。
What Does God Say of All These Commandments?
对于这一切诫命，上帝说了什么？
Answer. 答：
He says thus (Exod. 20:5f): I the Lord, thy God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me, and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love Me and keep My commandments.
祂因此说：我耶和华你的上帝，是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追讨他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；爱我、守我诫命的，我必向他们发慈爱，直到千代。（出埃及记 20:5-6）
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
God threatens to punish all that transgress these commandments. Therefore we should dread His wrath and not act contrary to these commandments. But He promises grace and every blessing to all that keep these commandments. Therefore we should also love and trust in Him, and gladly do [zealously and diligently order our whole life] according to His commandments.
上帝警告要惩罚所有违背这些诫命的人。因此我们应当惧怕祂的愤怒，并且不去做违背这些诫命的事。但是祂应许将恩惠和各样祝福赐给所有遵守这些诫命的人。因此，我们应当亲爱和信靠祂，并喜乐地（火热殷勤地规矩我们的整个生命）按照祂的诫命行事。
II. The Creed
第二部分：信经
As the head of the family should teach it in a simple way to his household.
作为一家之主，应当将这问答以简明的方式教导给妻子儿女。
The First Article.
信条一
Of Creation.
论创造
I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth.
我信上帝，全能的父，创造天地的主
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答
I believe that God has made me and all creatures; that He has given me my body and soul, eyes, ears, and all my limbs, my reason, and all my senses, and still preserves them; in addition thereto, clothing and shoes, meat and drink, house and homestead, wife and children, fields, cattle, and all my goods; that He provides me richly and daily with all that I need to support this body and life, protects me from all danger, and guards me and preserves me from all evil; and all this out of pure, fatherly, divine goodness and mercy, without any merit or worthiness in me; for all which I owe it to Him to thank, praise, serve, and obey Him. This is most certainly true.
我相信上帝创造了我和万物；并且祂赐给我身体、灵魂、眼睛、耳朵、全部肢体、理性和我的全部感官，进而维护它们；除此以外，还赐给我衣服和鞋子、食物和水、房子和地产、妻子和儿女，田产、牲畜和我所拥有的一切物品；每天将这身体和生命的全部所需丰富地供应给我，保护我脱离所有危险并且捍卫保守我远避所有凶恶；这一切都是出于祂纯洁、为父和为上帝的良善怜悯，不是因为我的任何功劳或配得。为这一切，我应当感谢赞美祂，服侍顺从祂。这实在是正确的。
The Second Article.
信条二
Of Redemption.
论救赎
And in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary; suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hell; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the dead.
我信耶稣基督，父上帝的独生子，我们的主；由圣灵感孕，童贞女玛利亚所生；在本丢彼拉多手下受难，钉死，埋葬；降在阴间；第三天从死人中复活；升天，坐在全能父上帝的右边；将来必要从那里降临，审判活人死人。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答
I believe that Jesus Christ, true God, begotten of the Father from eternity, and also true man, born of the Virgin Mary, is my Lord, who has redeemed me, a lost and condemned creature, purchased and won [delivered] me from all sins, from death, and from the power of the devil, not with gold or silver, but with His holy, precious blood and with His innocent suffering and death, in order that I may be [wholly] His own, and live under Him in His kingdom, and serve Him in everlasting righteousness, innocence, and blessedness, even as He is risen from the dead, lives and reigns to all eternity. This is most certainly true.
我信耶稣基督，是真上帝，从永恒中由父上帝所生，也是真人，由童贞女玛利亚所生；祂是我的主，救赎了我这失丧、遭咒诅的被造物，赎买和赢得（救拔）我脱离所有的罪恶，死亡和魔鬼的权势，不是用金或银，乃是用祂圣洁宝贵的血、祂的无辜受苦和死亡。叫我可以全部属于祂，在祂之下活在祂的国度里，并在永远的公义、无暇和祝福中服侍祂，正如祂从死里复活，活着掌权直到永远。这实在是正确的。
The Third Article.
信条三
Of Sanctification.
论成圣
I believe in the Holy Ghost; one holy Christian Church, the communion of saints; the forgiveness of sins; the resurrection of the body; and the life everlasting. Amen.
我信圣灵，一圣洁基督教会，圣徒相通；罪得赦免；身体复活；永生。阿们。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
I believe that I cannot by my own reason or strength believe in Jesus Christ, my Lord, or come to Him; but the Holy Ghost has called me by the Gospel, enlightened me with His gifts, sanctified and kept me in the true faith; even as He calls, gathers, enlightens, and sanctifies the whole Christian Church on earth, and keeps it with Jesus Christ in the one true faith; in which Christian Church He forgives daily and richly all sins to me and all believers, and at the last day will raise up me and all the dead, and will give to me and to all believers in Christ everlasting life. This is most certainly true.
我相信我不能凭着我自己的理性或力量信靠耶稣基督，我的主，也不能凭我自己亲近祂。但是圣灵藉着福音呼召我，用祂的恩赐光照我，在真信仰中使我成圣并保守我在其中；甚至祂也在全地呼召，聚集，光照整个基督教会且使之成圣，并保守它在独一真信仰里与耶稣基督联合；在基督教会里，圣灵每天赦免我和所有信徒全部的罪，并且在末日来临时要使我和所有死了的人复活，赐永恒的生命给我和所有在基督里的信徒。这实在是正确的。
III. The Lord's Prayer
第三部分：主祷文
As the head of the family should teach it in a simple way to his household.
作为一家之主，应当将这问答以简明的方式教导给妻子儿女。
Our Father who art in heaven.
我们在天上的父。
这是什么意思？---答：
God would thereby [with this little introduction] tenderly urge us to believe that He is our true Father, and that we are His true children, so that we may ask Him confidently with all assurance, as dear children ask their dear father.
上帝愿意（藉着这简单的介绍）温柔地催促我们相信祂是我们真实的天父，而我们是祂真实的儿女，因此我们可以带着全部确据，毫无疑惑地求告祂，正如地上亲爱的儿女寻求他们亲爱的父亲一样。
The First Petition.
第一祈求
Hallowed be Thy name.
愿人都尊你的名为圣。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答
God's name is indeed holy in itself; but we pray in this petition that it may become holy among us also.
上帝的名本身就是圣洁的；但我们在这祷告中祈求祂的名也在我们中间成为圣洁。
How is this done?--Answer.
这如何成就呢？---答
When the Word of God is taught in its truth and purity, and we as the children of God also lead holy lives in accordance with it. To this end help us, dear Father in heaven. But he that teaches and lives otherwise than God's Word teaches profanes the name of God among us. From this preserve us, Heavenly Father.
就是当上帝的道在它的真理和纯洁中被教导，我们作为上帝的儿女也依循这道过圣洁的生活时。亲爱的天父啊，请为此帮助我们。但如果谁在我们中间没有按照上帝的道教导和生活，他就亵渎了上帝的名。天父啊，求你使我们不致如此。
The Second Petition.
第二祈求
Thy kingdom come.
愿你的国降临
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答
The kingdom of God comes indeed without our prayer, of itself; but we pray in this petition that it may come unto us also.
上帝的国自己降临，不需要藉着我们的祷告；但我们在这祷告中祈求上帝的国也临在我们身上。
How is this done?--Answer.
这如何成就呢？---答
When our heavenly Father gives us His Holy Spirit, so that by His grace we believe His holy Word and lead a godly life here in time and yonder in eternity.
就是当我们天上的父将祂的圣灵赐给我们，好叫我们藉着祂的恩典相信祂的圣道并在此生和永恒中过一个圣洁生活时。
The Third Petition.
第三祈求
Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven.
愿你的旨意行在地上，如同行在天上。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
The good and gracious will of God is done indeed without our prayer; but we pray in this petition that it may be done among us also.
上帝良善恩惠的旨意成就，不需要藉着我们的祷告；但我们在这祷告中祈求祂的旨意也成就在我们身上。
How is this done?--Answer.
这如何成就呢？---答：
When God breaks and hinders every evil counsel and will which would not let us hallow the name of God nor let His kingdom come, such as the will of the devil, the world, and our flesh; but strengthens and keeps us steadfast in His Word and in faith unto our end. This is His gracious and good will.
当上帝破坏和拦阻每一个邪恶计划或意愿，就是这些出于魔鬼、世界和我们的肉体，不让我们尊上帝的名为圣，也不愿祂的国降临的邪谋恶意；但却在祂的道和信仰中坚固保守我们直到离世时。这就是祂恩惠良善的旨意。
The Fourth Petition.
第四祈求
Give us this day our daily bread.
我们日用的饮食，今日赐给我们。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答
God gives daily bread, even without our prayer, to all wicked men; but we pray in this petition that He would lead us to know it, and to receive our daily bread with thanksgiving.
上帝赐日用的饮食给所有作恶的人，甚至不需要藉着我们祷告；但我们在这祷告中祈求祂引导我们知道此事，并且以感恩领受我们日用的饮食。
What is meant by daily bread?--Answer.
什么是日用的饮食？---答：
Everything that belongs to the support and wants of the body, such as meat, drink, clothing, shoes, house, homestead, field, cattle, money, goods, a pious spouse, pious children, pious servants, pious and faithful magistrates, good government, good weather, peace, health, discipline, honor, good friends, faithful neighbors, and the like.
就是任何供应我们身体需要的事物，包括食物、水、衣服、鞋子、房子、地产、田地、牲畜、商品；敬虔的配偶、敬虔的儿女、敬虔的仆人、敬虔忠信的长官、良好的政府、良好的天气、和平、健康、节制、荣誉、良友、忠信的邻舍等等。
The Fifth Petition.
第五祈求
And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us.
赦免我们的罪，如同我们赦免得罪我们之人的罪。
这是什么意思？---答：
We pray in this petition that our Father in heaven would not look upon our sins, nor deny such petitions on account of them; for we are worthy of none of the things for which we pray, neither have we deserved them; but that He would grant them all to us by grace; for we daily sin much, and indeed deserve nothing but punishment. So will we verily, on our part, also heartily forgive and also readily do good to those who sin against us.
我们在这祷告中祈求我们天上的父不查验我们的罪，也不因着这些罪拒绝我们的祈求；因为我们不配得到任何我们所求的东西，也不应当得到它们；但愿祂因着恩典把我们所求的全部赐给我们；因为我们每天犯罪甚多，确实只应当得到惩罚。因此我们自己也会确实甘心地赦免那些得罪我们的人，并且预备好随时向他们行善。
The Sixth Petition.
第六祈求
And lead us not into temptation.
不叫我们遇见试探。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
God, indeed, tempts no one; but we pray in this petition that God would guard and keep us, so that the devil, the world, and our flesh may not deceive us, nor seduce us into misbelief, despair, and other great shame and vice; and though we be assailed by them, that still we may finally overcome and gain the victory.
上帝不试探任何人；但我们在这祷告中祈求上帝守护看顾我们，好叫我们不受魔鬼、世界和我们的肉体欺骗引诱以致于落入虚假信仰、绝望和其它严重羞耻和恶习里面；尽管我们会受到这些攻击，但愿我们能至终克服并取得胜利。
The Seventh Petition.
第七祈求
But deliver us from evil.
救我们脱离凶恶。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
We pray in this petition, as in a summary, that our Father in heaven would deliver us from all manner of evil, of body and soul, property and honor, and at last, when our last hour shall come, grant us a blessed end, and graciously take us from this vale of tears to Himself into heaven.
我们在这祷告中总结祈求，我们天上的父将我们从一切对身体灵魂和财产荣誉有损的凶恶中救拔出来，最后当我们临终时，赐给我们一个蒙福的善终，满有恩慈地救我们脱离这流泪谷，到天上祂自己那里去。
Amen.
阿们。
What does this mean?--Answer.
这是什么意思？---答：
That I should be certain that these petitions are acceptable to our Father in heaven and heard; for He Himself has commanded us so to pray, and has promised that He will hear us. Amen, Amen; that is, Yea, yea, it shall be so.
们。阿们，阿们；意思是：是的，是的，应当如此。
IV. The Sacrament of Holy Baptism
第四部分：圣洗礼
As the head of the family should teach it in a simple way to his household.
作为一家之主，应当将这问答以简明的方式教导给妻子儿女。
First.
问一
What is Baptism?--Answer.
什么是洗礼？---答：
Baptism is not simple water only, but it is the water comprehended in God's command and connected with God's Word.
洗礼不单单是普通的水，而是蕴含在上帝的命令中并与上帝的道连合的水。
Which is that word of God?--Answer.
那上帝的话语是指？---答：
Christ, our Lord, says in the last chapter of Matthew: Go ye into all the world and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.
基督，我们的主在马太福音最后一章说：“你们要去，使万民作我的门徒，奉父、子、圣灵的名给他们施洗。”
Secondly.
问二
What does Baptism give or profit?--Answer.
这洗礼赐予什么或者有何益处？---答：
It works forgiveness of sins, delivers from death and the devil, and gives eternal salvation to all who believe this, as the words and promises of God declare.
洗礼生发罪得赦免，救赎脱离死亡和魔鬼，并赐永远救恩给凡相信的人，正如上帝的话语和应许所宣告的。
Which are such words and promises of God? Answer.
上帝的这类话语和应许是指？---答：
Christ, our Lord, says in the last chapter of Mark: He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned.
基督，我们的主，在马可福音最后一章说：“信而受洗的必然得救，不信的必被定罪。”
Thirdly.
问三
How can water do such great things?--Answer.
水如何能行使如此大的事情？---答：
It is not the water indeed that does them, but the word of God which is in and with the water, and faith, which trusts such word of God in the water. For without the word of God the water is simple water and no baptism. But with the word of God it is a baptism, that is, a gracious water of life and a washing of regeneration in the Holy Ghost, as St. Paul says, Titus, chapter three: By the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Ghost, which He shed on us abundantly through Jesus Christ, our Savior, that, being justified by His grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. This is a faithful saying.
只是水，当然不能成就此事，而是在这水中并与水连合的上帝话语，还有这依靠水中上帝话语的信心。因为离了上帝的话语，这水就是平凡的水，而不是洗礼。但连着上帝的话语，它就是洗礼，就是满有恩典的生命之水和圣灵里重生的洗。正如圣保罗在提多书 3 章所说：“藉着重生的洗和圣灵的更新。圣灵就是上帝藉着耶稣基督我们救主厚厚浇灌在我们身上的，好叫我们因他的恩得称为义，可以凭着永生的盼望成为后嗣。这话是可信的。”
Fourthly.
问四
What does such baptizing with water signify?--Answer.
用水这样洗礼表示什么？---答：
It signifies that the old Adam in us should, by daily contrition and repentance, be drowned and die with all sins and evil lusts, and, again, a new man daily come forth and arise; who shall live before God in righteousness and purity forever.
表示我们里面的老亚当应该，藉着每天的痛心和悔改，与所有的罪、邪恶欲望被淹没致死；并且一个新人再次每天重新兴起，并且在公义和纯洁中活在上帝面前，直到永远。
Where is this written?--Answer.
这事写在哪里？---答：
St. Paul says Romans, chapter 6: We are buried with Christ by Baptism into death, that, like as He was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.
圣保罗在罗马书 6 章说：“我们藉着洗礼归入死，和他一同埋葬，原是叫我们一举一动有新生的样式，像基督藉着父的荣耀从死里复活一样。”
V. Confession
第五部分：认罪
How Christians should be taught to confess.
如何教导基督徒认罪
What is Confession?
什么是认罪？
Confession embraces two parts: the one is, that we confess our sins; the other, that we receive absolution, or forgiveness, from the confessor, as from God Himself, and in no wise doubt, but firmly believe, that our sins are thereby forgiven before God in heaven.
认罪包含两个部分：一个是我们承认我们的罪；另一个是我们领受赦罪，或者饶恕，就是从听认罪者那里来的，正如从上帝自己而来的一样，并且应当毫无疑惑，确实相信我们的罪因此就在天上的上帝面前被赦免了。
What sins should we confess?
我们应当承认什么罪？
Before God we should plead guilty of all sins, even of those which we do not know, as we do in the Lord's Prayer. But before the confessor we should confess those sins alone which we know
and feel in our hearts.
在上帝面前，我们应当承认所有的罪，甚至那些我们不察觉的罪，正如我们在主祷文中所求的那样。但在听认罪者面前，我们应当只承认那些我们知晓并在我们心里感觉到的罪。
Which are these?
这些是什么？
Here consider your station according to the Ten Commandments, whether you are a father, mother, son, daughter, master, mistress, a man-servant or maid-servant; whether you have been disobedient, unfaithful, slothful; whether you have grieved any one by words or deeds; whether you have stolen, neglected, or wasted aught, or done other injury.
在此根据十诫思想你的位份，或是一位父亲，或是母亲，儿子，女儿，主人，婢女，男仆或女仆；你曾否不顺服、不忠心、懒惰；你曾否藉着言语或行为使任何人忧伤；你曾否偷盗、疏忽、或浪费，或造成其它伤害。
Pray, Propose to Me a Brief Form of Confession.
个人认罪礼简式
Answer.
答：
You should speak to the confessor thus: Reverend and dear sir, I beseech you to hear my confession, and to pronounce forgiveness to me for God's sake.
你应当如此向听认罪者说：亲爱的牧师，我来寻求你聆听我的认罪，并为着上帝的缘故，向我宣告赦罪之恩。
Proceed!
请讲！
I, a poor sinner, confess myself before God guilty of all sins; especially I confess before you that I am a man-servant, a maidservant, etc. But, alas, I serve my master unfaithfully; for in this and in that I have not done what they commanded me; I have provoked them, and caused them to curse, have been negligent [in many things] and permitted damage to be done; have also been immodest in words and deeds, have quarreled with my equals, have grumbled and sworn at my mistress, etc. For all this I am sorry, and pray for grace; I want to do better.
我，一个可怜的罪人，在上帝面前承认我自己所有的罪；特别在你面前承认：我是一个男仆，女仆，等等，但，唉，我没有忠心地服侍我的主人；因为在这事那事中我没有做他们吩咐我的事情；我曾激怒他们，以致他们咒骂，也曾在许多事情中疏忽，以致造成损失；也没有在言语和行为上谦卑自己，曾与我的同辈争吵，曾对着我的女主人咒诅发牢骚，等等。为这一切，我感到痛心，并且祈求赦罪恩典；我愿意改善。
A master or mistress may say thus:
一个主人或主妇可以这样讲：
In particular I confess before you that I have not faithfully trained my children, domestics, and wife [family] for God's glory. I have cursed, set a bad example by rude words and deeds, have done my neighbor harm and spoken evil of him, have overcharged and given false ware and short measure.
着粗鲁的言语行为而立了坏榜样，曾给我的邻舍造成伤害，说了他的坏话，曾高抬市价，出售假劣产品，缺斤少两。
And whatever else he has done against God's command and his station, etc.
还有任何其它任何违背上帝的诫命和他职分所要求做的事情，等等。
But if any one does not find himself burdened with such or greater sins, he should not trouble himself or search for or invent other sins, and thereby make confession a torture, but mention one or two that he knows. Thus: In particular I confess that I once cursed; again, I once used improper words, I have once neglected this or that, etc. Let this suffice.
但如果一个人不能找出使他不负重担的，类似或更甚的罪，他就不应该自找麻烦或查找或构想其它的罪，以致使认罪成为折磨，而是仅提及一两件他所知道的罪。故此可以说：我特别承认我曾经咒诅；还有，我曾经使用不恰当的言语，我曾疏忽这个或那个，等等。愿这足已。
But if you know of none at all (which, however is scarcely possible), then mention none in particular, but receive the forgiveness upon your general confession which you make before God to the confessor.
但如果你不知道自己任何的罪（几乎不太可能），就请不要特别讲什么事，而是在上帝面前向听认罪者做一般的认罪，然后领受赦罪恩典。
Then shall the confessor say:
接下来听认罪者（牧师）应当这样说：
God be merciful to thee and strengthen thy faith! Amen.
愿上帝怜悯你，坚固你的信心！阿们。
Furthermore:
进而：
Dost thou believe that my forgiveness is God's forgiveness?
你相信我的赦罪就是上帝的赦罪吗？
Answer.
答：
Yes, dear sir.
是的，亲爱的牧师
Then let him say:
然后牧师接着说：
As thou believest, so be it done unto thee. And by the command of our Lord Jesus Christ I forgive thee thy sins, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. Depart in peace.
照你所信的，愿上帝旨意成就在你身上。因着我们主耶稣基督的命令，我奉父、+子和圣灵的名赦免你的罪，阿们。平安地去吧。
But those who have great burdens upon their consciences, or are distressed and tempted, the confessor will know how to comfort and to encourage to faith with more passages of Scripture. This is to be merely a general form of confession for the unlearned.
但是对于那些良心有极大重担，或萎靡不振，受到试探的信徒，听认罪者应当知道如何用更多圣经经文安慰和鼓励他们，重拾信心。这仅仅是一个针对平信徒来说的认罪简式。
VI. The Sacrament of the Altar
第六部分：圣餐礼
As the head of the family should teach it in a simple way to his household.
作为一家之主，应当将这问答以简明的方式教导给妻子儿女。
What is the Sacrament of the Altar?
什么是圣餐礼？
It is the true body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, under the bread and wine, for us Christians to eat and to drink, instituted by Christ Himself.
就是我们主耶稣基督的真身体和宝血，在饼和酒之下，由基督自己亲自设立，供我们基督徒吃喝的。
Where is this written?
这记在何处？
The holy Evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and St. Paul, write thus:
福音书的作者马太、马可、路加和圣保罗，这样写着：
Our Lord Jesus Christ, the same night in which He was betrayed, took bread: and when He had given thanks, He brake it, and gave it to His disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is My body, which is given for you. This do in remembrance of Me.
我们主耶稣基督，被卖的那一夜，拿起饼来，祝谢了，掰开，递给门徒说：你们拿着吃，这是我的身体，就是为你们舍的，要如此行，为的是纪念我。
After the same manner also He took the cup, when He had supped, gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Take, drink ye all of it. This cup is the new testament in My blood, which is shed for you for the remission of sins. This do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of Me.
饭后也照样拿起杯来，祝谢了，递给他们说：你们都喝这个。这杯是用我的血所立的新约，这血是为你们流的，使罪得赦。你们每逢喝的时候，要如此行，为的是纪念我。
What is the benefit of such eating and drinking?
如此吃喝有什么益处呢？
That is shown us in these words: Given, and shed for you, for the remission of sins; namely, that in the Sacrament forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation are given us through these words. For where there is forgiveness of sins, there is also life and salvation.
“为你们舍的，为你们流的，使罪得赦。”这些话向我们表明：赦罪，生命和救恩都在圣餐礼中藉着这些话语赐给我们了。因为哪里有赦罪，那里就有生命和救恩。
How can bodily eating and drinking do such great things?
肉身的吃喝怎能行如此大事呢？
It is not the eating and drinking, indeed, that does them, but the words which stand here, namely: Given, and shed for you, for the remission of sins. Which words are, beside the bodily eating and drinking, as the chief thing in the Sacrament; and he that believes these words has what they say and express, namely, the forgiveness of sins.
只是吃喝，当然不能行使这些事，而是在此所立的话语，即：“为你们舍的，为你们流的，使罪得赦。”除了肉身的吃喝，在这圣礼中首要的是这些话语；谁相信这些话语，谁就得到这些话语所讲和赐予的，就是罪得赦免。
Who, then, receives such Sacrament worthily?
谁配得领受这圣餐礼呢？
Fasting and bodily preparation is, indeed, a fine outward training; but he is truly worthy and well prepared who has faith in these words: Given, and shed for you, for the remission of sins.
禁食和身体的预备确实是一种好的外在训练；但真正配得并且预备好的信徒是信靠这些话语的，就是“为你们舍的，为你们流的，使罪得赦。”
But he that does not believe these words, or doubts, is unworthy and unfit; for the words For you require altogether believing hearts.
但若谁不相信或质疑这些话语，他就是不配得，也不合宜；因为“为你们”这话完全要求信靠的心。
Daily Prayers
日用祷文
How the head of the family should teach his household to pray morning and evening
一家之主如何教导家人早祷和晚祷
Morning Prayer.
早祷
1] In the morning, when you rise, you shall bless yourself with the holy cross and say: 1]早上起来，你应该划圣十字架祝福自己，并说：
In the name of God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Amen.
奉父、+子和圣灵上帝的名，阿们。
2] Then, kneeling or standing, repeat the Creed and the Lord's Prayer. If you choose, you may, in addition, say this little prayer:
2]然后，跪着或站着，重复信经和主祷文。如果你愿意，也可以额外选择说这简短的祷告：
I thank Thee, my Heavenly Father, through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, that Thou hast kept me this night from all harm and danger; and I pray Thee to keep me this day also from sin and all evil, that all my doings and life may please Thee. For into Thy hands I commend myself, my body and soul, and all things. Let Thy holy angel be with me, that the Wicked Foe may have no power over me. Amen.
我的天父，藉着你亲爱的儿子耶稣基督，我感谢你昨夜保守我远离所有伤害和危险；我也向你祈求，今日仍然保守我远避罪和所有凶恶，好叫我所有的行为和生命都蒙你悦纳。因为我将我自己，身体灵魂和所有一切都交在你手中。愿你的圣天使与我同在，好使那恶者没有权力辖制我。阿们。
3] Then go to your work with joy, singing a hymn, as the Ten Commandments, or what your devotion may suggest.
3]唱一首赞美诗，十诫方面或你的灵修所感动的，然后带着喜乐去工作。
Evening Prayer.
晚祷
4]晚上睡下时，你应该划圣十字架祝福自己，并说：
In the name of God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Amen.
奉父、+子和圣灵上帝的名，阿们。
5] Then, kneeling or standing, repeat the Creed and the Lord's Prayer. If you choose, you may, in addition, say this little prayer:
5]然后，跪着或站着，重复信经和主祷文。如果你愿意，也可以额外选择说这个简短的祷告：
I thank Thee, my Heavenly Father, through Jesus Christ, Thy dear Son, that Thou hast graciously kept me this day, and I pray Thee to forgive me all my sins, where I have done wrong, and graciously keep me this night. For into Thy hands I commend myself, my body and soul, and all things. Let Thy holy angel be with me, that the Wicked Foe may have no power over me. Amen.
我的天父，藉着你亲爱的儿子耶稣基督，我感谢你今日满有恩典地保守我，并且我祈求你赦免我所有的罪，就是我做错了的地方，还祈求你今夜恩慈地保守我。因为我将我自己，我的身体灵魂和我一切所有的交在你的手中。愿你的圣天使与我同在，好叫那恶者没有权力辖制我。阿们。
Then go to sleep promptly and cheerfully.
然后立刻欢然地睡觉。
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6] HOW THE HEAD OF THE FAMILY
6]一家之主应当如何
Should Teach His Household to Ask a Blessing and Return Thanks.
教导家人祈求祝福和献上感恩
Asking a Blessing
祈求祝福
The children and servants shall go to the table with folded hands and reverently, and say:
儿女和仆人应当来到餐桌前，合拢双手并带着敬畏说：
The eyes of all wait upon Thee, O Lord; and Thou givest them their meat in due season; Thou openest Thine hand, and satisfiest the desire of every living thing.
主啊，万民都举目仰望你，你随时给他们食物；你张手，使有生气的都随愿饱足。
Note 注
To satisfy the desire means that all animals receive so much to eat that they are on this account joyful and of good cheer; for care and avarice hinder such satisfaction.
随愿饱足意思是凡有生命的都领受丰盛的食物，好叫他们因此可以欢喜快乐；因为忧虑和贪心拦阻这样的满足。
Then the Lord's Prayer, and the prayer here following:
接着主祷文，并做以下祷告：
Lord God, Heavenly Father, bless us and these Thy gifts, which we take from Thy bountiful goodness, through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.
主上帝，天父啊，祝福我们和这些属你的恩赐，就是我们从你丰盛的良善中获得的，藉着我们主耶稣基督的名，阿们。
Returning Thanks.
献上感恩
Likewise also after the meal they shall reverently and with folded hands say:
同样地，在饭后，他们应当合拢双手并带着敬畏说：
O give thanks unto the Lord, for He is good; for His mercy endureth forever. He giveth food to all flesh; He giveth to the beast his food, and to the young ravens which cry. He delighteth not in the strength of the horse; He taketh not pleasure in the legs of a man. The Lord taketh pleasure in them that fear Him, in those that hope in His mercy.
你们要称谢耶和华，因他本为善；他的慈爱永远长存。他赐粮食给凡有血气的，他赐食给走兽和啼叫的小乌鸦。他不喜悦马的力大，不喜爱人的腿快。耶和华喜爱敬畏他和盼望他慈爱的人。
Then the Lord's Prayer and the prayer here following:
然后主祷文和下面的祷告：
We thank Thee, Lord God, Father, through Jesus Christ, our Lord, for all Thy benefits, who livest and reignest forever and ever. Amen.
主上帝天父啊，为着你所赐的一切恩惠，我们藉着我们主耶稣基督感谢你，他活着掌权直到永永远远。阿们。
Table of Duties
职责录
Certain passages of scripture for various holy orders and positions, admonishing them about their duties and responsibilities
适用于各样圣职和位份的一些经文，就着他们的本分和责任劝勉他们。
For Bishops, Pastors, and Preachers.
给作主教，牧师和传道人的：
A bishop must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behavior, given to hospitality, apt to teach; not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous; one that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity; not a novice; holding fast the faithful Word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers. 1 Tim. 3:2ff ; Titus 1:6.
作监督的，必须无可指责，只作一个妇人的丈夫，有节制，自守，端正，乐意接待远人，善于教导；不因酒滋事，不打人，只要温和，不争竞，不贪财；好好管理自己的家，使儿女凡事端庄顺服；初入教的不可作监督；坚守所教真实的道理，就能将纯正的教训劝化人，又能把争辩的人驳倒了。 （提前 3：2-4,6a；
多 1:9）
听道者亏欠他们牧师什么
Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the Gospel should live of the Gospel. 1 Cor. 9:14. Let him that is taught in the Word communicate unto him that teacheth in all good things. Gal. 6:6. Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially they who labor in the Word and doctrine. For the Scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn; and the laborer is worthy of his reward. 1 Tim. 5:17-18. Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves; for they watch for your souls as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy and not with grief; for that is unprofitable for you. Heb. 13:17.]
主也是这样命定；叫传福音的靠着福音养生。（林前 9:14）在道理上受教的，当把一切需用的供给施教的人。（加 6:6）那善于管理教会的长老，当以为配受加倍的敬奉。那劳苦传道教导人的，更当如此。因为经上说：“牛在场上踹谷的时候，不可拢住它的嘴。”又说：“工人得工价是应当的。”（提前 5:17-18）你们要依从那些引导你们的，且要顺服，因他们为你们的灵魂时刻警醒，好像那将来交账的人。你们要使他们交的时候有快乐，不至忧愁，若忧愁就与你们无益了。（来 13:17）
Concerning Civil Government.
论到民事政府
Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For the power which exists anywhere is ordained of God. Whosoever resisteth the power resisteth the ordinance of God; and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation. For he beareth not the sword in vain; for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil. Rom. 13:1-4.
在上有权柄的，人人当顺服他，因为没有权柄不是出於上帝的。凡掌权的都是上帝所命的。所以，抗拒掌权的就是抗拒上帝的命；抗拒的必自取刑罚。作官的原不是叫行善的惧怕，乃是叫作恶的惧怕。你愿意不惧怕掌权的吗？你只要行善，就可得他的称赞；因为他是上帝的用人，是与你有益的。你若作恶，却当惧怕；因为他不是空空的佩剑，他是上帝的用人，是伸冤的，刑罚那作恶的。（罗 13:1-4）
What Subjects Owe to the Magistrates.
百姓亏缺长官什么
Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. Matt. 22:21. Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers, etc. Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience' sake. For, for this cause pay ye tribute also; for they are God's ministers, attending continually upon this very thing. Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom, to whom custom; fear, to whom fear; honor, to whom honor. Rom. 13:1,5ff. I exhort, therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks be made for all men; for kings and for all that are in authority, that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. 1 Tim. 2:1f Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, etc. Titus 3:1. Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake, whether it be to the king as supreme, or unto governors as unto them that are sent by him, etc. 1 Pet. 2:13f ]
该撒的物当归给该撒；上帝的物当归给上帝。（太 22:21b）让每一个人都伏在权柄之下，等等。所以你们必须顺服，不但是因为刑罚，也是因为良心。你们纳粮，也为这个缘故；因他们是上帝的差役，常常特管这事。凡人所当得的，就给他。当得粮的，给他纳粮；当得税的，给他上税；当惧怕的，惧怕他；当恭敬的，恭敬他。 (罗 13：5-7）我劝你，第一要为万人恳求、祷告、代求、祝谢；为君王和一切在位的，也该如此，使我们可以敬虔、端正、平安无事的度日。（提前 2:1-2）你要提醒众人，叫他们顺服作官的、掌权的，遵他的命。（多 3:1）你们为主的缘故，要顺服人的一切制度，或是在上的君王， 或是君王所派的臣宰，等等。（彼前 2:13-14）
For Husbands.
给作丈夫的
Ye husbands, dwell with your wives according to knowledge, giving honor unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life, that your prayers be not hindered. 1 Pet. 3:7. And be not bitter against them. Col. 3:19.
你们作丈夫的，也要按情理和妻子同住；因她是软弱的器皿，与你一同承受生命之恩的，所以要敬重她。这样，便叫你们的祷告没有阻碍。（彼前 3:7）不可苦待他们。（西 3:19)
For Wives.
给作妻子的
Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord, even as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord; whose daughters ye are, as long as ye do well, and are not afraid with any amazement. 1 Pet. 3:6; Eph. 5:22.
你们作妻子的，当顺服自己的丈夫，如同顺服主。就如撒拉听从亚伯拉罕，称他为主。你们若行善，不因恐吓而害怕，便是撒拉的女儿了。 （弗 5:22；彼前 3:6）
For Parents.
给作父母的
Ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath, but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. Eph. 6:4.
你们作父亲的，不要惹儿女的气，只要照著主的教训和警戒养育他们。（弗 6:4）
For Children.
给作儿女的
Children, obey your parents in the Lord; for this is right. Honor thy father and mother; which is the first commandment with promise: that it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth. Eph. 6:1-3.
你们作儿女的，要在主里听从父母，这是理所当然的。「要孝敬父母，使你得福，在世长寿。」这是第一条带应许的诫命。（弗 6:1-2)
For Male and Female Servants, Hired Men, and Laborers.
给作男仆，女仆，雇员和工人的：
Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto Christ; not with eye-service, as men-pleasers, but as the servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart; with good will doing service as to the Lord, and not to men; knowing that whatsoever good thing any man doeth, the same shall he receive of the Lord, whether he be bond or free. Eph. 6:5ff ; Col. 3:22.
你们作仆人的，要惧怕战兢，用诚实的心听从你们肉身的主人，好像听从基督一般。不要只在眼前事奉，像是讨人喜欢的，要像基督的仆人，从心里遵行上帝的旨意。甘心事奉，好像服事主，不像服事人。因为晓得各人所行的善事，不论是为奴的，是自主的，都必按所行的得主的赏赐。（弗 6:5-8；西 3:22）
For Masters and Mistresses.
给作主人和主妇的
Ye masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing threatening, knowing that your Master also is in heaven; neither is there respect of persons with Him. Eph. 6:9; Col. 4:1.
你们作主人的，待仆人也是一理，不要威吓他们。因为知道，他们和你们同有一位主在天上；他并不偏待人。（弗 6:9；西 4:1）
For Young Persons in General.
给年幼的
Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility; for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble. Humble yourselves, therefore, under the mighty hand of God that He may exalt you in due time. 1 Pet. 5:5-6.
你们年幼的，也要顺服年长的。就是你们众人也都要以谦卑束腰，彼此顺服；因为上帝阻挡骄傲的人，赐恩给谦卑的人。所以，你们要自卑，服在上帝大能的手下，到了时候他必叫你们升高。（彼前 5:5-6）
For Widows.
给作寡妇的
She that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day. But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth. 1 Tim. 5:5-6.
那独居无靠、真为寡妇的，是仰赖上帝，昼夜不住的祈求祷告。但那好宴乐的寡妇正活著的时候也是死的。（提前 5:5-6）
For All in Common.
给所有人的
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Herein are comprehended all the commandments. Rom. 13:8ff And persevere in prayer for all men. 1 Tim. 2:1-2.
或有别的诫命，都包在爱人如己这一句话之内了。 （罗 13:9）我劝你，第一要为万人恳求、祷告、代求、祝谢。（提前 2:1）
Let each his lesson learn with care,
但愿各人用心学这课程
And all the household well shall fare.
好叫全家得着和平安宁
Christian Questions with Their Answers
基督徒问答
Prepared by Dr. Martin Luther for those who intend to go to the Sacrament
由马丁路德博士预备给意愿领受圣餐的信徒
[The "Christian Questions with Their Answers," designating Luther as the author, first appeared in an edition of the Small Catechism in 1551, five years after Luther's death].
[“基督徒问答”定路德为其作者，首次出现在 1551 年版本的小问答中，也就是路德离世五年之后].
After confession and instruction in the Ten Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper, the pastor may ask, or Christians may ask themselves these questions:
在告白和教导十诫，信经，主祷文，圣洗礼和圣餐之后，牧师可以问，或者基督徒问自己这些问题：
1. Do you believe that you are a sinner?
1. 你相信自己是罪人吗？
Yes, I believe it. I am a sinner.
是的，我相信。我是一个罪人。
2. How do you know this?
2. 你如何知道此事？
From the Ten Commandments, which I have not kept.
从十诫，就是我没有遵守的。
3. Are you sorry for your sins?
3. 你为自己的罪忧伤吗？
Yes, I am sorry that I have sinned against God.
是的，我为得罪上帝而忧伤。
4. What have you deserved from God because of your sins?
4. 因着这些罪，你应当从上帝那里得到什么？
His wrath and displeasure, temporal death, and eternal damnation. See Romans 6:21,23.
他的愤怒和不悦，肉体的死亡和永远的咒诅。请看罗马书 6:21,23 节
5. Do you hope to be saved?
5. 你盼望得救吗？
Yes, that is my hope.
是的，这是我所盼望的。
6. In whom then do you trust?
6. 为此你信靠谁呢?
In my dear Lord Jesus Christ.
信靠我亲爱的主耶稣基督。
7. Who is Christ?
7. 基督是谁？
The Son of God, true God and man.
上帝的儿子，既是真上帝，又是真人。
8. How many Gods are there?
8. 有几位上帝呢？
Only one, but there are three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
上帝只有一位，却有三个位格：圣父，圣子和圣灵。
9. What has Christ done for you that you trust in Him?
9. 基督为你做了什么，好叫你信靠祂？
He died for me and shed His blood for me on the cross for the forgiveness of sins.
祂在十字架上为我而死，为我流血，使我罪得赦免。
10. Did the Father also die for you?
10. 圣父也为你死了吗？
He did not. The Father is God only, as is the Holy Spirit; but the Son is both true God and true man. He died for me and shed his blood for me.
祂没有。圣父单单是上帝，圣灵也是；但圣子既是真上帝，又是真人。圣子为我死，为我流血。
11. How do you know this?
11. 你如何知道此事？
From the holy Gospel, from the words instituting the Sacrament, and by His body and blood given me as a pledge in the Sacrament.
从圣福音和设立圣餐礼的话语知道，并且藉着祂在圣餐礼中的身体和宝血，作为誓言保证赐给我。
12. What are the Words of Institution?
12. 设立圣餐礼的话语是什么？
Our Lord Jesus Christ, on the night when He was betrayed, took bread and when He had given thanks, He broke it and gave it to the disciples and said: "Take eat; this is My body, which is given for you. This do in remembrance of Me." In the same way also He took the cup after supper, and when He had given thanks, He gave it to them, saying: "Drink of it, all of you; this cup is the new testament in My blood, which is shed for you for the forgiveness of sins. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me."
就是为你们舍的，要如此行，为的是纪念我。饭后也照样拿起杯来，祝谢了，递给他们说：你们都喝这个。这杯是用我的血所立的新约，这血是为你们流的，使罪得赦。你们每逢喝的时候，要如此行，为的是纪念我。
13. Do you believe, then, that the true body and blood of Christ are in the Sacrament?
13. 那么，你相信基督的真身体和宝血就在这圣餐礼中吗？
Yes, I believe it.
是的，我相信。
14. What convinces you to believe this?
14. 什么使你相信这个？
The word of Christ: Take, eat, this is My body; drink of it, all of you, this is My blood.
基督的话：拿着吃，这是我的身体；你们都喝这个，这是我的血。
15. What should we do when we eat His body and drink His blood, and in this way receive His pledge?
15. 我们吃祂的肉，喝祂的血，藉此领受祂的誓言时，应当做些什么？
We should remember and proclaim His death and the shedding of His blood, as He taught us: This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.
我们应当纪念宣扬祂的死亡和流血，正如祂所教导我们的：你们每逢喝的时候，要如此行，为的是纪念我。
16. Why should we remember and proclaim His death?
16. 为什么我们要纪念宣扬祂的死亡呢？
First, so that we may learn to believe that no creature could make satisfaction for our sins. Only Christ, true God and man, could do that. Second, so we may learn to be horrified by our sins, and to regard them as very serious. Third, so we may find joy and comfort in Christ alone, and through faith in Him be saved.
首先，好叫我们可以学会相信没有任何受造物可以为我们的罪付上代价。唯有基督，真上帝真人，能够做到。其次，好叫我们可以学会被我们的罪震惊，并且严肃地对待这些罪。第三，好叫我们可以单单在基督里找到喜乐和安慰，并且藉着信靠祂而得救赎。
17. What motivated Christ to die and make full payment for your sins?
17. 什么驱使基督为你的罪而死并且付上全部赎价？
His great love for His Father and for me and other sinners, as it is written in John 14; Romans 5; Galatians 2 and Ephesians 5.
他对祂的父，对我和其他罪人的大爱，正如约翰福音 14 章；罗马书 5 章；加拉太书 2 章和以弗所书 5 章所记载的。
18. Finally, why do you wish to go to the Sacrament? 18. 最后，你为什么盼望领圣餐呢？
That I may learn to believe that Christ, out of great love, died for my sin, and also learn from Him to love God and my neighbor.
好叫我可以学习相信：基督出于大爱为我的罪而死，并且从祂那里学习爱上帝，爱邻舍。
19. What should admonish and encourage a Christian to receive the Sacrament frequently?
19. 是什么劝勉鼓励一个基督徒经常去领圣餐呢？
First, both the command and the promise of Christ the Lord. Second, his own pressing need, because of which the command, encouragement, and promise are given.
首先是我们主基督的吩咐和应许。其次是信徒自己迫切的需要；吩咐，鼓励和应许都是为此目的而赐下的。
20. But what should you do if you are not aware of this need and have no hunger and thirst for the Sacrament?
20. 但你应当如何做，如果你感觉不到这需要，没有对圣餐的饥渴？
To such a person no better advice can be given than this: first, he should touch his body to see if he still has flesh and blood. Then he should believe what the Scriptures say of it in Galatians
5 and Romans 7. Second, he should look around to see whether he is still in the world, and remember that there will be no lack of sin and trouble, as the Scriptures say in John 15-16 and in
1 John 2 and 5. Third, he will certainly have the devil also around him, who with his lying and murdering day and night will let him have no peace, within or without, as the Scriptures picture him in John 8 and 16; 1 Peter 5; Ephesians 6; and 2 Timothy 2.
对于这样的人，没有什么比这建议更好的了：他应当摸下自己的身体，看是否仍然有血肉。然后他应当相信圣经在加拉太书 5 章和罗马书 7 章中对此所说的。其次，他应该环顾四周，看下自己是否仍活在世界上，并且记得罪和患难处处皆是，正如圣经在约翰福音 15-16 章和约翰一书 2 章和 5 章中所说。第三，魔鬼确实环绕他，用谎言和杀戮日夜使他里外没有平安，正如圣经在约翰福音 8 章和 16 章；彼得前书 5 章；以弗所书 6 章；和提摩太后书 2 章中所说的。
Note:
These questions and answers are no child's play, but are drawn up with great earnestness of purpose by the venerable and devout Dr. Luther for both young and old. Let each one pay attention and consider it a serious matter; for St. Paul writes to the Galatians in chapter six: "Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked."
注：
这些问答并非儿戏，乃是我们尊敬虔诚的路德博士怀着崇高的志向为男女老少编作的。愿每一个信徒都留心并严肃地对待此问答；因为圣保罗在写给加拉太人书信的第六章中说：“不要自欺，上帝是轻慢不得的。”（加 6:7a)
http://bookofconcord.org/smallcatechism.php Quotation Link 英文引用出处连接
Information About the Texts Used on BookOfConcord.org
BookOfConcord.org 网站上使用的文本背景介绍。
The texts used here are from Triglot Concordia: The Symbolical Books of the Evangelical Lutheran
Church: German-Latin-English. Published as a memorial of the quadricentenary jubilee of the Reformation anno Domini 1917 by resolution of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and Other States (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921). These texts are in the public domain and may be freely copied.
这里使用的文本出自协同书三文排版（Triglot Concordia): 福音道路德会的信仰告白书，德-拉-英三种语言并排。主后 1917 年由密苏里州，俄亥俄州和其它州的福音道路德会总会决意通过的发行版本，作为一个对宗教改革 400 周年的纪念。（圣.路易斯：协同出版社，1921）。这些文本是属于公共版权，可以自由转载复制。
Lutheran Translation Society 路德宗翻社
Translation 翻译：Gary
Proofreading 校对：Paula, Yanjun，杨老师
主后 2016 年 10月
Free to quote or copy in whole, commercial purpose prohibited.
欢迎转载复制，禁止商业用途
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